Why COVID-19 can be deadly for young people - The Australian Financial Review

This can suddenly send it into an abnormal rhythm and making it unable to pump blood. While this complication is uncommon, she says it occurs more in men than women with COVID-19.

Clotting

Clotting is another serious risk. Two types are linked to COVID-19 and are not to be confused with rare clots associated with the AstraZeneca jab.

Hospital figures show people with COVID-19 have a 20 per cent risk of a large clot lodging in their lungs. This comes with a 75 per cent risk of dying.

Clotting can also occur in the tiny vessels all through the lungs and seriously compromise breathing until there is insufficient oxygen to sustain life.

Pneumonia

COVID-19 is essentially a respiratory disease and the problem for young otherwise healthy people, is that they may be unaware they are low on oxygen. As a result, progressive pneumonia is a common cause of death.

It occurs in two phases. The first phase of COVID-19 infection may induce a scratchy throat, fever and a bit of coughing, which young people seem to get over within the first few days.

One thing about young people with pneumonia is that you never put them in a single room and forget to look at them.

— Professor Christine Jenkins

But a short while later, just as they seem to be recovering, the second phase kicks in. They take a turn for the worse and with very low oxygen, can still feel okay.

In medical parlance, such cases are called “happy hypoxics”. They may be sitting up in hospital, discussing their medical history and suddenly decline catastrophically. Rapid intubation and ventilation is used to try and save them.

“It remains perplexing how a person can be severely hypoxemic [oxygen deprived] and not appear to be terribly distressed or in the kind of extremis that we would expect,” Professor Jenkins says.

“One thing about young people with pneumonia is that you never put them in a single room and forget to look at them. As they’re young, fit, muscular and don’t have comorbidities, you can be lulled into a false sense of security that they’re going to be fine – and then they are not.”

Cytokine storm

Professor Jenkins, also head of the Respiratory Group at The George Institute for Global Health, says another possible cause is a “cytokine storm”. In 30 per cent of cases, the immune system goes rogue, acts against the person and overwhelms them.

This is characterised by the creation of lots of inflammatory products called cytokines that swiftly go beyond control.

This can damage the lungs, send the heart rate up, drop blood pressure, create fever and make the person confused.

“One can’t say this young man from NSW would have unquestionably survived had he been in hospital [but] depending on the complication, he may have had a better chance of surviving,” Professor Jenkins says.

While sudden death is difficult to prevent, vaccination has a high probability of preventing it.

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2021-08-04 23:19:50Z
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